建筑电气安装工程防雷接地施工技术

随着社会经济的飞速发展和城市人口密度的不断增加,城市建筑的楼高在不断增加,在扩容城市人口的同时,也在一定程度上提升了高层建筑物遭受雷击的概率。基于此,论文结合具体工作经验,对建筑电气安装工程防雷接地施工技术的相关问题展开深入研究。     

生态文明视角下土地整治科技创新研究 ——基于原国土资源部土地整治相关领域的登记和获奖成果分析

研究目的:对原国土资源部土地整治相关领域的登记和获奖成果进行梳理分析,为土地整治科技创新服务支撑生态文明建设提出意见建议。研究方法:文献资料法和比较分析法。研究结果:中国土地生态整治科技创新取得丰硕成果,但在创新能力、研究尺度和内容、成果转化应用方面存在进一步完善的空间。研究结论:土地生态整治科技发展促进了土地整治水平的提高,今后,土地生态整治科技创新要在新发展理念下,在项目设计、标准化、研究内容方面加强科学研究,完善科技创新体制机制,激发创新活力。     

土地规模与农户秸秆还田技术采纳——基于冀鲁皖鄂4省的微观调查

研究目的:探讨不同规模农户采纳秸秆还田技术的行为差异和影响因素。研究方法:采用Logistic模型对冀、鲁、皖、鄂4省1372份农户调查数据进行实证分析。研究结果:(1)农户的秸秆还田技术采纳行为存在规模经济效应;(2)地块数和区位条件是限制小规模农户采纳秸秆还田技术的客观因素,在土地规模短期不能扩大的情况下,秸秆还田技术不具备普适性是该项技术推广受阻的重要原因;(3)配备秸秆还田服务人员机构,有针对性地对小规模男性农户进行培训和指导,提高农户的经济收入和经济感知,能显著促进小规模农户采纳秸秆还田技术。研究结论:应从改善机械作业条件,促进土地适度规模经营;改进秸秆还田技术,降低技术采纳成本;培育秸秆还田社会化服务组织,提高农户认知等方面着手,有效推广秸秆还田的耕作技术手段。     

宁夏农业科技园区专项计划项目实施情况及效果分析

农业科技园区专项项目是围绕影响农业产业化关键技术开展研究攻关，把具有市场开发前景的先进适用技术应用于产业化经营上而设立的科技研发项目。研究选取了2014-2016年列入宁夏自治区重点研发计划农业科技园区专项的69 个项目，从项目的执行情况、完成效果、组织管理以及经济和社会效益等方面进行绩效评价，并提出了存在的问题和建议。     

重庆市农业科技创新资源配置效率及影响因素研究

[目的]通过分析重庆市农业科技资源配置效率及影响因素,以期对重庆市的农业科技资源的合理配置提出参考建议。[方法]构建评价指标体系,以农业科技创新资源配置环境、农业科技资源经费投入、农业科技人才储备和农业科技创新成果4个方面构成综合层,向下分16个具体指标,运用层次分析法和模糊评判综合评价重庆市农业科技资源配置效率及影响因素。[结果]重庆市农业科技创新资源的配置效率综合得分为81.08,为2级水平,其中农业科技人员流失比例较大,投入产出效率较低成为主要制约因素。[结论]重庆市农业科技创新资源的配置效率处于中等水平,合理配置农业科技人员和经费投入以及提高资源配置环境是提高重庆市农业科技协同创新资源的配置效率的关键;农业科技资金投入浪费严重和农业科技活动成果的转化率较低、农业科技人才结构和农业科技创新资源配置方式的不合理以及农业科技市场机制尚不完善是影响农业科技资源配置效率的主要因素。     

Experience matters: The role of academic scientist mobility for industrial innovation

Research Summary: A learning‐by‐hiring approach is used to scrutinize scientists' mobility in relation to the recruiting firms' subsequent innovation output. Our starting point is that among firm hires, individuals with university research experience—hired from universities or firms—can be particularly valuable. However, conflicting institutional logics between academia and industry makes working with academic scientists challenging at times for firms. We suggest two solutions to this difficulty: hiring “ambidextrous” individuals with a mix of experience of university research and working for a technologically advanced firm, and a strong organizational research culture in the recruiting firm reflected by the presence of a scientist on the top management team. We track the mobility of R&D workers empirically using patent and linked employer‐employee data. Managerial Summary: An important way to make organizations more innovative is hiring individual researchers with the right types of skills and experience. We show that individuals with university research experience beyond their final degree are particularly likely to help boost firm‐level innovation output after hiring compared to R&D workers with other types of skills and experience. However, to obtain good returns to innovation from hiring such individuals, firms need a university research–friendly organizational culture when hiring individuals with university research experience, from either firms or academia.     

摩托车单向器自动装配机气动系统设计

针对当前摩托车单向器组件主要采用手工装配、装配效率低、随机性大、无法对装配过程实现有效管理控制的情况,为了易于对零件装配过程进行实时监测和提高生产效率,开发了一种智能摩托车单向器自动装配机。介绍了摩托车单向器自动装配机的上料系统、装配系统、检测系统和落料系统的机械结构,重点阐述了设备的气动系统设计,并进行了实验研究。结果表明,该设备可实现组成单向器的5种零件自动上料和装配,同时降低了操作人员的劳动强度,生产效率提高约50%。其气动系统噪音小、工作可靠,可应用于摩托车单向器的大批量生产。研究结果可为其他相似异形零件自动装配机的开发提供参考。     

Automatic extraction of 1D barcodes from video scans for drone-assisted inventory management in warehousing applications

The widespread use of barcodes has significantly contributed to accurate, efficient and economic inventory management in warehouses and distribution centres. However, its efficiency has always been limited by the primary method of reading barcodes with a handheld laser scanner. Compared with this reading by line-of-sight at close proximity, vision-based barcode reading algorithms can further improve efficiency, particularly if accompanied by automated data collection platforms such as drones. This paper introduces algorithms that are able to automatically extract barcodes from video data, and verifies their feasibility and promise for inventory management in warehousing applications. Three key techniques corresponding to different recognition levels are proposed: For a known barcode region, a Harris corner detector and Hough transform-based algorithm is applied to quickly estimate the angle by which the frame area needs to rotate to orient the bars vertically for information extraction. Then, the idea of exploiting connectivity and geometry property of barcode areas is proposed to directly recognise multiple barcode regions in a single video frame to eliminate reading difficulties resulting from interactive influence of multiple juxtaposed barcodes, and to save computation time by only processing frame areas of interest for valid barcodes. In addition, a histogram difference-based fast extraction strategy is designed to further improve efficiency by reducing duplicate information processing. Finally, the performance of each technique is evaluated by analysing video data from a large logistics warehouse, demonstrating satisfactory performance in inventory management applications.     

Information technology developments of logistics service providers in Hungary

The objective of this research is to examine the role of sector-specific information technology (IT) developments and their significance in terms of the revenue and earnings before tax of Logistics Service Providers (LSPs), as well as the impact of these developments on the flexibility and integration of LSPs. A survey questionnaire was conducted with 284 LSPs participants. The data provided by the 51 responding enterprises provided a representative sample for the analysis of the sample population and the drawing of general and relevant conclusions related to basic population. It can be concluded that their revenue, earnings before tax and degree of integration into the supply chain depend on the sector-specific IT developments carried out by the given enterprise. IT investments will remain important in the future and the introduction and leveraging the best technologies may yield competitive advantages and higher financial rewards for LSPs.